IBM PC XT 5160
IBM PC XT 5160 (1983): XT 5160是IBM在电脑领域的又一次突破，因为它采用了英特尔8086 CPU，使XT 5160 成为了当时首款16位的电脑。XT 5160不仅采用了16位的处理器，同样也采用了16位的数据总线，并且采用了10MB的硬盘，如此大的存储容量使之成为了当时的主流产品。
1983 IBM PC XT 5160简介编辑本段回目录
IBM首台IBM PC的后继面产品，向普通家庭的5160 PC XT发布，仍然使用Intel的8088芯片，价格为669美元。
IBM 5160 PC/XT 是美国国际商用机器公司(IBM)与1983年3月8日发布了PC的改进型，因为它带有一个容量为10MB的硬盘，这是硬盘第一次成为PC的标准配置。选用8088作CPU，20根地址总线，寻址1MB内存。XT预装了DOS 2.0系统，支持“文件”的概念并以“目录树”存储文件。
虽然XT仍然使用8088CPU，但配置却要高得多，加上了一个10MB(随后的XTS机型为20MB)的内置硬盘，IBM把原本放在盒子里的控制卡的功能集成到一块接口控制卡上，构成了我们常说的硬盘控制器。但是XT的BIOS中仍然不带有硬盘读写例程，为此接口控制卡上有一块ROM芯片，其中存有硬盘读写例程，这种现象一直持续到基于80286处理器的PC/AT的推出。
主要参数编辑本段回目录
Type Personal computer
Release date March 8, 1983
Discontinued April 1987
Operating system IBM BASIC / PC-DOS 2.0-3.20 / SCO Xenix
CPU Intel 8088 @ 4.77 MHz
Memory 128KB ~ 640KB
|
| System Architecture |
| Microprocessor | Intel 8088 (AMD's 8088 version was also used) |
| Clock speed | 4.77Mhz |
| Bus type | ISA (Industry Standard Architecture) |
| Bus width | 8-bit |
| Interrupt levels | 8 (6 usable) |
| DMA channels | 4 (3 usable) |
| Memory |
| Standard on system board | 256k or 640k |
| Maximum on system board | 256k or 640k |
| Maximum total memory | 640k |
| Memory speed and type | 200ns dynamic ram chips |
| System board memory socket type | 16 pin DIP |
| Number of memory module sockets | 36 (4 banks of 9) |
| Memory used on system board | 36 64k X 1-bit DRAM chips in 4 banks of 9 or 2 banks of 9 256k X 1-bit and 2 banks of 9 64k X 1-bit chips |
| Standard Features | Disk Storage | |||
| ROM size | 40k or 64k | ***** | Internal disk and tape drive bays | 2 full height or 4 half height |
| Optional math coprocessor | 8087 | ***** | Standard floppy drives | 1 X 360k |
| Standard graphics | none | Optional floppy drives: | ||
| Parallel printer ports | 1 (some models) | * 5 1/4 inch 360k | Optional | |
| RS232C serial ports | 1 (some models) | * 5 1/4 inch 1.2MB | No | |
| Mouse ports | none | * 3 1/2 inch 720k | Optional | |
| UART chip used | NS8250B | * 3 1/2 inch 1.44MB | No | |
| Maximum speed | 9600bps | * 3 1/2 inch 2.88MB | No | |
| CMOS real time clock | no | Hard disk controller included | ST-506/412 (Xebec Model 1210) | |
| CMOS RAM | none | Hard Drive Capacity | 10MB or 20MB | |
| Expansion Slots | Keyboard Specs. | |||
| Total adapter slots | 8-8 bit | Number of keys | 83 (later versions 101) | |
| Number of 8/16/32 bit slots | 8/0/0 | Keyboard cable length | 6 feet | |
| Physical Specs. | Enviromental Specs. | |||
| Dimensions: | Power supply output | 130 watts | ||
| * Height | 5.5 inches | Operating voltage @ 60 Hz | 90 - 137 VAC | |
| * Width | 19.5 inches | Maximum current | 4.2 amps | |
| * Depth | 16.0 inches | |||
| * Weight | 32 pounds |
参考文献编辑本段回目录
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_5160
http://www.old-computers.com/MUSEUM/computer.asp?st=1&c=286
