Computer Music编辑本段回目录
计算机音乐是指音乐由计算机来产生或是在计算机的协助下完成。许多在计算机音乐的工作需与音乐理论和数学之间有很大的关系。
Maston Beard世界上第一个计算机音乐是由澳洲的程序员Geoff Hill用由Trevor Pearcey and Maston Beard所设计的CSIRAC计算机所制作。随后， Lejaren Hiller (即，Illiac Suite)在50 年代使用计算机来完成作曲的工作然后由传统音乐家来演奏。最新发展包括 Max Mathews 在响铃实验室(Bell Laboratories)领导计算机编曲和表演。Vocoder(声音合成)技术是这工作的主要发展。
最近，MIDI (乐器的数字接口)技术通过一个规格化的接口允许个人计算机与合成器互相做用，加宽了对计算机科技的用途。
个人简介编辑本段回目录
Maston Beard graduated in 1939 from Sydney University and was involved in radio transmitter design and radar research until joining the CSIRAC project in 1947. When the computer was moved to the University of Melbourne in 1955, he continued work on digital techniques and the application of computers in connection with navigational aids for civil aviation, the processing of data from radio telescopes, the control of Narrabri radio heliograph, and the control of the Siding Spring 3.9-meter telescope. He retired from CSIRO in 1978 while assistant chief at the Division of Computing Research. Following his retirement he served as a Senior Research Fellow in the CSIRO Division of Radiophysics. In 1980 he was awarded an Order of Australia Member (AM), in recognition of services to Radiophysics.
csirac计算机编辑本段回目录
CSIRAC，澳洲的第一台巨型计算机，世界上第四台程序存储式计算机。
CSIRAC1947 年Trevor Pearcey and Maston Beard带领了一个研究小组在以科学和产业研究闻名的Sydney-based Radiophysics实验室[就是今天大家都知道的CSIRO] (在墨尔本)，在这设计建造了一台电脑。 他们有大量可利用的资源包括真空管、活瓣技术和脉冲技术和在第二次世界大战期间被开发的雷达系统。他们的平行发展，但在巨观的程度上独立计算机的发展主要在在欧洲和美国。
CSIRAC: Australia’s first computer
CSIRAC was built by CSIR in 1949 and it was the fourth computer in the world - it completed more than 1 000 projects by the time it was turned off in 1964.
1940s-50s
1964-present
Australia's first computer, CSIR Mark 1 (later called CSIRAC, the CSIR Automatic Computer), was the fourth in the world to be built. It filled a room the size of a double garage, required enough electricity to power a suburban street and had only a fraction of the brainpower of the cheapest modern electronic organiser. But it was a technological marvel of its time.
CSIRACBefore the invention of computers, scientists would perform complex calculations by hand or with the aid of a mechanical adding machine. Calculations could be done at the rate of about one operation per second.
1940s-50s
CSIRACIn the late 1940s CSIR scientists Dr Trevor Pearcey, Mr Maston Beard and Mr Geoff Hill built a digitial computer called CSIR Mark 1, which put Australia at the forefront of computing. It revolutionised everything from weather forecasting to banking. It even played what is thought to be the first ever computer music. CSIR Mark 1 was renamed CSIRAC and ran its first program late in November 1949.
Once fully operational, CSIRAC was a thousand times faster than anything else available in Australia at the time.
Improvements were steadily made to the computer in the early 1950s at the Radiophysics Laboratory in Sydney.
It buzzed the world's first digital music, Colonel Bogey, to an international audience during Australia’s first computer conference in June 1951.
CSIRAC processed more than 1 000 computing projects in fourteen years.CSIRAC provided a computing service to all of CSIRO from 1951 to 1955. During this time it was used for over 300 projects.
In 1956 the improved CSIRAC Mark II was dismantled, loaded on trucks and driven down the Hume Highway to the University of Melbourne.
CSIRACFor the next eight years CSIRAC processed more than 700 computing projects during about 30 000 hours. These projects ranged from calculating home-loan repayments for the University of Melbourne staff members to helping to design skyscrapers.
1964-present
CSIRAC's historical significance was finally realised in 1964 when it was noted that CSIRAC was the world's oldest computer still in operation. The University of Melbourne had purchased a Control Data 3 200 from the USA that year and CSIRAC, deemed worthy of preservation, was carefully dismantled and stored.
CSIRAC is now the centrepiece of the Information Technology (IT) display at the Museum of Victoria in Melbourne and is the world's oldest existing stored-memory electronic computer.
