1912年7月31日
This day in 1912 marks the birth of Brooklyn, New York's leading conservative economist, Milton Friedman. Born in New York's largest borough, Friedman picked up a string of degrees from schools including Rutgers University and Columbia University, before taking up a post in the University of Chicago's mighty economics department. An ardent proponent of laissez-faire economics, Friedman readily articulated his faith in a fiscal system that depended less on policy than "natural" forces. Along the way, Friedman became the leading light of the "monetarist" school, which, in the laissez-faire tradition, dismissed the government's role as the supposed engine of business. Rather, Friedman and his fellow monetarists believed in stable interest rates and robust money supplies. Friedman used a number of his publications, including Capitalism and Freedom, (written with his wife, Rose) to further stump against "big Government." While Friedman's beliefs aroused considerable criticism from liberals, leftists and even a few government-centric voices on the right, he was honored with the Nobel Prize for Economics in 1976. The lofty award hardly slowed Friedman, who continued his battle against the perceived inanity of the Federal government's fiscal policy.
1963年7月31日 非洲发展银行决定成立。
1963年7月31日,在喀土穆举行的非洲国家财政会议通过协定,决定成立非洲发展银行。1964年9月正式成立。1966年7月开始营业。原规定只吸收非洲独立国家为成员国,1979年作修改,美、日、西德、加、法等21个非本地区国家加入。1985年5月有成员国75个(其中非洲国家54个)。其宗旨是“帮助非洲大陆制定总体战略”,“协调各国的发展计划”,为成员国的经济和社会发展提供资金,以便达到“非洲经济的一体化”。与非洲发展基金等4个金融机构组成“非洲发展银行集团”。1980年为止已为非洲国家提供贷款达25亿美元。
2001年7月31日 20年期固定利率国债发行
财政部于7月31日开始发行20年期记账式长期国债,这是目前为止我国发行的最长期限的国债,在承销商希望增加发行量的强烈呼吁下,本期国债的总发行量最终从160亿元扩增50%达到了240亿元,国债招标被承销机构一抢而空。
2007年7月31日 塑料期货在大连商品交易所上市
7月31日 塑料期货在大连商品交易所正式上市。